Monday

Understanding Puritan New England

Discuss the following from class on Friday:

Puritan Education

1. Why and how did the Puritans value education?

The Little Commonwealth - The building block of Puritan Society.

1. What was the Little Commonwealth and how did it function?
2. How did the ideals of the Little Commonwealth help tie together family, Church and State?

Introduction to the Rhetorical Analysis

Intro to APLAC - What is rhetoric?

SPACECAT - The Rhetorical Situation

The Rhetorical Analysis Format

The Rhetorical Devices

Rhetorical Analysis Example - Article

Review the background of the “City Upon a Hill” speech in order to understand the context. After you have read through the background, read Winthrop’s “City Upon a Hill”.

Reading: Pick out the most important goals for the Puritan community in Winthrop’s speech.

What does John Winthrop's sermon "A Model of Christian Charity," commonly referred to as "City upon a Hill" reveal about the Puritan purpose of establishing a colony in the New World?

John Winthrop's City upon a Hill, 1630

Now the onely way to avoyde this shipwracke and to provide for our posterity is to followe the Counsell of Micah, to doe Justly, to love mercy, to walke humbly with our God, for this end, wee must be knitt together in this worke as one man, wee must entertaine each other in brotherly Affeccion, wee must be willing to abridge our selves of our superfluities, for the supply of others necessities, wee must uphold a familiar Commerce together in all meekenes, gentlenes, patience and liberallity, wee must delight in eache other, make others Condicions our owne rejoyce together, mourne together, labour, and suffer together, allwayes haveing before our eyes our Commission and Community in the worke, our Community as members of the same body, soe shall wee keepe the unitie of the spirit in the bond of peace, the Lord will be our God and delight to dwell among us, as his owne people and will commaund a blessing upon us in all our wayes, soe that wee shall see much more of his wisdome power goodnes and truthe then formerly wee have beene acquainted with, wee shall finde that the God of Israell is among us, when tenn of us shall be able to resist a thousand of our enemies, when hee shall make us a prayse and glory, that men shall say of succeeding plantacions: the lord make it like that of New England: for wee must Consider that wee shall be as a Citty upon a Hill, the eies of all people are uppon us; soe that if wee shall deale falsely with our god in this worke wee have undertaken and soe cause him to withdrawe his present help from us, wee shall be made a story and a byword through the world, wee shall open the mouthes of enemies to speake evill of the wayes of god and all professours for Gods sake; wee shall shame the faces of many of gods worthy servants, and cause theire prayers to be turned into Cursses upon us till wee be consumed out of the good land whether wee are going: And to shutt upp this discourse with that exhortacion of Moses that faithfull servant of the Lord in his last farewell to Israell Deut. 30. Beloved there is now sett before us life, and good, deathe and evill in that wee are Commaunded this day to love the Lord our God, and to love one another to walke in his wayes and to keepe his Commaundements and his Ordinance, and his lawes, and the Articles of our Covenant with him that wee may live and be multiplyed, and that the Lord our God may blesse us in the land whether wee goe to possesse it: But if our heartes shall turne away soe that wee will not obey, but shall be seduced and worshipp other Gods our pleasures, and proffitts, and serve them, it is propounded unto us this day, wee shall surely perishe out of the good Land whether wee passe over this vast Sea to possesse it;

Therefore lett us choose life,

that wee, and our Seede,

may live; by obeyeing his

voyce, and cleaveing to him,

for hee is our life, and

our prosperity.

Homework - Revise Rhetorical Analysis on “City".

Tuesday 

Writing time - Rhetorical Analysis for City Upon a Hill

Gender Roles in the Puritan Era

Review Anne Bradstreet's "The Prologue” , and SPACECAT - The Rhetorical Situation it!

Questions:

1. In the opening stanza, how does Bradstreet address the concerns her largely male audience is likely to have? What does she claim is outside the scope of her work?
2. In the second stanza, what does Bradstreet mean by “I do grudge the Muses did not part / Twixt [Great Bartas] and me that overfluent store”?
3. How does Bradstreet characterize her own talents in stanza 3? What has “nature” made so irreparable?
4. How do you interpret Bradstreet’s concluding lines in stanza 4: “Art can do much, but this maxim’s most sure / A weak or wounded brain admits no cure”?
5. What shift in attitude does the fifth stanza introduce? Check the archaic definitions of obnoxious and despite. Who is Bradstreet referring to as “they”?
6. What is the point Bradstreet makes in stanzas 6-7 in her reference to the “antique Greeks”? Does she undermine her own argument when she writes, “Men can do best, and women know it well” Why or why not?
7. Thyme and parsley are herbs used in cooking, and bays are laurel leaves that were used in Ancient Greece and Rome to crown triumphant athletes or great artists. Why in the final stanza does she ask for a “thyme and parsley wreath” but “no bays”?
8. This poem was the prologue to The Tenth Muse when it was first published in England in 1650. Think about its purpose as an introduction to the collection. How would you characterize the complex tone? is the speaker rebellious? Apologetic? Humble? Sarcastic? Aggressive? Conciliatory? Cite specific phrases and lines to support your response.
9. What was the rhetorical situation of Bradstreet and her readers? Analyze the poem, which is often read as an argument that Bradstreet builds stanza by stanza, by considering formal characteristics such as claim, assumptions, counterargument, and evidence.

Painting analysis: What connections can you make between Bradstreet’s poem and her portrait?

Homework- Finish your rhetorical analysis.

Wednesday

Read the following link on the Puritans and Money.

The Puritans and Money -  Discussion on the reading.

1. How did the Puritans view money?

2. How did they view poverty?

3. What were the dangers of wealth?

4. How much is enough wealth for the Puritans?

5. What is money for?

The Puritan Demise

Painting Analysis: How do the paintings become a visual narrative of what has happened to the Puritan community?

Analysis of the American Portrait - Elizabeth Freake and Child.

1. What does the portrayal of a mother and her child tell you about early New England child raising? 
2. Strict Puritans followed sumptuary laws that forbade them  to wear bright colors and ornate materials. How do you explain the outfits of the mother and the child? How does this reflect what is going on economically in the town/village of Salem?
3. Art historian Milton Brown has described this painting as having “a surprisingly authentic psychological mood”. What details from the painting contribute to that mood and how? Think deeply about this mood as we go into the Salem Witch Trials.
4. The painting on the right was painted in Italy nearly 100 years before the “Elizabeth Freake and Child” painting on the right. What similarities and differences do you notice? Why?

Compare to the “Self Portrait of Captain Thomas Smith”

And compare to Captain Thomas Smith’s Letter

“Why Why should the World be Minding

Therein a World of Evils Finding

Then Farewell World; Farewell thy Jarres

thy Joies thy Toies thy Wiles thy Warrs

Truth Sound Retreat; I am not sorye.

The Eternal draws to Him my heart.

By Faith (which can thy Force Subvert)

To Crown me (after Grace) with Glory.”

1. How is the window used as a narrative device like we have seen in the Kuhn painting?
2. Look closely at the details in the painting? What is at war in the painting? What different battle is the Puritan faith facing at this point?
3. How is this a contemplation on life...and death?
4. What tenets of Calvinsim are reflected in the final two lines of the poem?
5. How is the poem a reflection of the rising capitalism that ultimately pulls at the seams of the Puritan community? How do we see the rising capitalism of the Salem port economy here?
6. Similar sentiments can be found in late seventeenth-century Boston wills, such as the one written by Smith's contemporary and possible relative Thomas Clarke in 1679. After designating his desired distribution of worldly goods, Clarke wrote:

            Soe farewell the world ever adeiu [sic]
            Welcome everlasting mansions & glorious kingdom too
            Where I shall reign and triumph over Sin
            And spend my time in praises of my King—

The Puritan Demise- Keynote presentation

Homework- Read about The Salem Witch Trials and Theories

“With great power, comes great responsibility.” Are these characters using their power responsibly?

Read about the theories. What factors do you think were most responsible for the witchcraft hysteria in Salem in 1692? What are the divisions between people and how do these factions cause problems within the Puritan community?

Four Theories

Fungus Theory

Thursday

Salem Map of Accusations

View The Salem Witch Trials

- Review for the test/Study time

Homework- Study for the test over the Chesapeake and New England Colonies.

Friday

Test over the Chesapeake and New England Colonies.

Homework- Read the following links and write answers to the following questions:

How did these changes in British politics affect the colonies?

The Magna Carta of 1215 - How would this affect the colonies view of the British Parliament, and later influence the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution?

The Glorious Revolution - How did this change the British government, and what did this mean for the colonies?

New King William & Queen Mary- What has changed in British Parliament with their rule?

The British Bill of Rights - Explain the significance of the British Bill of Rights. How did this document change British society?